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#1064132 (Received by flhurricane at: 10:55 PM 01.Oct.2021)
TCDAT3

Hurricane Sam Discussion Number 38
NWS National Hurricane Center Miami FL AL182021
1100 PM AST Fri Oct 01 2021

The satellite appearance of Sam has degraded slightly during the
past few hours, with the eye becoming more cloud filled and the
eyewall cloud tops become a little less symmetric. Various
subjective and objective satellite intensity estimates are in the
115-130 kt range, and based on the slight decay the initial
intensity is lowered to 125 kt. An Air Force Reserve Hurricane
Hunter aircraft is currently enroute to investigate Sam.

Sam is making its forecast turn toward the north-northeast with the
initial motion now 020/15 kt. There is no change to the track
forecast philosophy and little change to the forecast track from the
previous advisory. The steering flow between a deep-layer ridge to
the northeast and east of Sam and a large mid-latitude low pressure
system centered over Atlantic Canada should cause Sam to turn
northeastward during the next 24 h, followed by a continued
northeastward motion as the system become entrained in southwesterly
mid-latitude flow. The models are in fairly good agreement,
although there is some spread in both the track and the speed due to
model differences in the cyclone`s evolution as it becomes
extratropical. The new forecast track lies close to the center of
the guidance envelope and the various consensus models.

Slow weakening is expected to continue during the next 2-3 days as
Sam moves over cooler sea surface temperatures and begins
extratropical transition. This is likely to be complete by 72 h,
with the global models suggesting that Sam will evolve into a
warm-core seclusion extratropical low. Based on this and the
guidance, it is likely that the cyclone will maintain hurricane
strength until after the transition is done. By the end of the
forecast period, the extratropical low is expected to be decaying
over the far north Atlantic. The new intensity forecast lies at the
upper edge of the intensity guidance.


Key Messages:

1. Swells generated by Sam will impact the northern Leeward Islands
the Greater Antilles, the Bahamas, and Bermuda during the next
couple of days. Swells are expected to reach the United States
east coast and Atlantic Canada on Saturday. These swells could
cause life-threatening surf and rip current conditions. Please
consult products from your local weather office.

2. Tropical storm conditions are possible on Bermuda during the
next several hours, and a Tropical Storm Warning is in effect for
the island.


FORECAST POSITIONS AND MAX WINDS

INIT 02/0300Z 31.4N 61.2W 125 KT 145 MPH
12H 02/1200Z 33.5N 60.2W 120 KT 140 MPH
24H 03/0000Z 35.8N 58.3W 110 KT 125 MPH
36H 03/1200Z 37.7N 55.6W 100 KT 115 MPH
48H 04/0000Z 39.6N 52.2W 95 KT 110 MPH
60H 04/1200Z 43.0N 47.3W 90 KT 105 MPH
72H 05/0000Z 47.2N 43.2W 80 KT 90 MPH...POST-TROP/EXTRATROP
96H 06/0000Z 50.5N 38.0W 65 KT 75 MPH...POST-TROP/EXTRATROP
120H 07/0000Z 54.5N 27.5W 50 KT 60 MPH...POST-TROP/EXTRATROP

$$
Forecaster Beven